Learn about Hydrocarbons!

Download the following flashcards and match the chemical name with the 2D structure. Want a challenge? Try matching the 3D structure with theseĀ hydrocarbon models.

MOLTOYS Flash Cards

Alkanes

Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons, organic compounds made of entirely hydrogen and carbon, in which all the carbon-carbon bonds are single. The general chemical formula is C(n)H(2n+2), where n indicates the number of carbon atoms. For example, when n = 1 the chemical formula is CH4, which is methane.

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Alkenes

Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons, organic compounds made of entirely hydrogen and carbon, that contain at least one carbon-carbon double bond. The general chemical formula is C(n)H(2n), where n indicates the number of carbon atoms. For example, when n = 2 the chemical formula is C2H4, which is the simplest alkene, ethene (also known as ethylene).

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Alkynes

Alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons, organic compounds made of entirely hydrogen and carbon, that contain at least one carbon-carbon triple bond. The general chemical formula is C(n)H(2n-2), where n indicates the number of carbon atoms. For example, when n = 2 the chemical formula is C2H2, which is the simplest alkyne, ethyne (also known as acetylene).

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Alkadienes

Alkadienes are acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons (organic compounds made of entirely hydrogen and carbon) having two carbon-carbon double bonds.

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Cycloalkanes

Cycloalkanes are molecules composedĀ of hydrogen and carbon atoms arranged in a single ring structure (with possible side chains), where all the carbon-carbon bonds are single. The general chemical formula is C(n)H2(n+1-r), where n indicates the number of carbon atoms and r is the number of rings. For example, when n = 4 and r = 1the chemical formula is C4H8, which is cyclobutane.

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